Good Night everyone to all of you who are at serey.io and have been with the serey.io for a long time, hopefully we are always healthy and can always carry out activities as usual, because that is the hope of all of us, hopefully always in his protection. So on this occasion I want to write a little about The Most Influential Figures In World History (Niels Bohr) hopefully later it can be a keepsake for myself, and for other friends who are already married, don't forget to also provide direction and input if later in my writing there are still words that are not polite, therefore I apologize once again.
Pigs, frogs, pangolins, humans, all have fathers, official or unofficial. Likewise, the theory of atomic structure also has a father. He was Niels Henrik David Bohr who was born in 1885 in Copenhagen. In 1911 he received his doctorate in physics from the University of Copenhagen. Shortly after that he went to Cambridge, England. There he studied under J.J. Thompson, the famous scientist who discovered the electron. Only a few months after that Bohr moved again to Manchester, studying with Ernest Rutherford who a few years earlier discovered the nucleus (the nucleus) of the atom. It was Rutherford who asserted (in contrast to previous views) that the atom is generally empty, with a heavy nucleus in the center and electrons on the outside. It was not long after that Bohr developed his own radical new theory of atomic structure. Bohr's historical paper, "On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules," was published in the Philosophical Magazine in 1933.
Bohr's theory introduced the atom as a kind of miniature planet around the sun, with electrons revolving around their orbits around the base, but with a very important difference: while the laws of classical physics told of orbits of all sizes, Bohr proved that the electrons in a Atoms can only rotate in their orbits of a certain specific size. Or in another formulaic sentence: the electrons that orbit the principal part are at a certain energy level (shell) without absorbing or emitting energy. Electrons can move from the inner layer to the outer layer if they absorb energy. On the other hand, electrons will move from the outer layer to the inner layer by emitting energy.
Bohr's theory introduced a radical difference to the ideas of classical physics. Some imaginative scientists (such as Einstein) rushed to praise Bohr's paper as a "masterpiece," a masterpiece; however, many other scientists at first despised the truth of this new theory. The most critical experiment was the ability of Bohr's theory to explain the spectrum of the hydrogen atom. It has long been known that hydrogen gas, when heated to a high degree of heat, gives off light. However, this light does not include all colors, but only light of a certain frequency. The great value of Bohr's theory of the atom is that it proceeds from a simple hypothesis but is able to explain with astonishing precision the exact wavelengths of all the spectral lines (colors) emitted by hydrogen. Furthermore, Bohr's theory predicts the presence of additional spectral lines, not seen at the time before, but later confirmed by experimenters. In addition, Bohr's theory of atomic structure provides the first clear explanation of why atoms have the size they are. Judging from all these convincing events, Bohr's theory was immediately accepted, and in 1922 Bohr received the Nobel Prize for physics.
In 1920 the Institute for Theoretical Physics was founded in Copenhagen and Bohr became its director. Under his leadership quickly attracted the interest of brilliant young scientists and soon became the center of world scientific investigation.
But in the meantime Bohr's theory of atomic structure faced difficulties. The main problem is that Bohr's theory, while perfectly explaining the future difficulties of atoms (eg hydrogen) having one electron, does not accurately predict the spectra of other atoms. Some scientists, amazed by the remarkable success of the Bohr theory in exposing the hydrogen atom, hoped that by refining Bohr's theory a little, they could also explain the spectra of the heavier atoms. Bohr himself was one of the first to realize that minor refinements would not help, so what was needed was a radical overhaul. However, no matter how much he used his genius mind, he couldn't solve it anyway.
The solution was finally discovered by Werner Heisenberg and others, starting in 1925. It is interesting to note here, that Heisenberg --and generally the scientist who developed the new theory-- studied in Copenhagen, who undoubtedly benefited greatly from the discussion. -discussions with Bohr and getting in touch with each other. Bohr himself rushed to the new idea and helped develop it. He made important contributions to the new theory, and through discussions and writings, he helped to make it more systematic.
The 1930s showed more attention to the problem of the main part of the atomic structure. He developed an important model of the "liquid drop" of the atomic substance. He also put forward a theoretical problem of "combination of principal parts" in atomic reactions to solve. In addition, Bohr was the one who was quick to point out that the uranium isotope involved in nuclear fission was U235. This statement had an important meaning in the subsequent development of the atomic bomb.
In 1940 the German army occupied Denmark. This put Bohr in danger, partly because his anti-Nazi stance was widespread, partly because his mother was Jewish. In 1943 Bohr fled from occupied Denmark, to Sweden. He also helped large numbers of Danish Jews escape to escape death in Hitler's gas chambers. From Sweden Bohr ran to England and from there across to the United States. In this country, during the war, Bohr helped make the atomic bomb,
After the war, Bohr returned to his hometown to Denmark and headed the institution until his spirit drifted in 1`562. In the years after the war Bohr tried hard - though unsuccessfully - to encourage the international community to control the use of atomic energy.
Bohr married in 1912, around the time he was doing great work in science. He had five children, one of whom was named Aage Bohr, who won the Nobel Prize for physics in 1975. Bohr is the most admired person in the world of scientists, not only because of his respect for his genius knowledge, but also his personality and character and sense of humanity. deep.
Although Bohr's original theory of atomic structure was over fifty years ago, he remains one of the great figures of the 20th century. There are several reasons why that is. First, some of the important points of his theory are still held to be true. For example, his idea that atoms could exist only at precise energy levels was an integral part of all subsequent theories of atomic structure. On the other hand, Bohr's description of the atom has great significance for discovering something for oneself, although modern scientists do not take it to be literally true. Most important of all, perhaps, was Bohr's ideas which were the driving force for the development of "quantum theory." Although some of his ideas are out of date, it is clear historically that his theories have proved to be the starting point for the modern theory of the atom and the subsequent development of the field of quantum mechanics.
On this happy day This is all I can say more or less I apologize, maybe in my writing there are still many mistakes, so I apologize profusely. hopefully useful for me, and hopefully useful for all readers in general, thank you for visiting my blog, don't forget to follow and vote for my posts. and one more thing, don't forget to share this post with other friends.
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