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Cow calf instrument.

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Although almost all mammals have the same birth process, some animals require intensive care after birth. In our country, rearing of domestic cows relying on grass and hay would not be a complication after birth because on the one hand cows get adequate amount of nutritious grass during pregnancy and on the other hand cows were of all breeds. But in the present reality, post-natal intensive care is necessary for foreign cross breed cows and calves. Any animal is very helpless after birth and needs to be taken care of to make it healthy and strong. The future of a calf depends largely on postnatal care. The main tasks of caring for a calf are routine. They are discussed in detail below.
Primary care and care
Immediately after the birth of the calf, the navel should be cut with a clean bed and tied tightly. Tincture iodine or tincture benzene should be applied to the area after cutting. As a result, germs cannot enter. The saliva and mucous membranes of the baby's nose and mouth should be cleaned immediately after delivery or the child may die of suffocation. If the calf does not breathe after giving birth, then artificial respiration should be arranged. Breathing can be normalized by gently pressing the ribs of the calf's chest a few times. In addition, breathing can be started by blowing the nose and mouth of the calf. After cleaning the calf's nose and mouth, if dry straw is spread in front of the cow, the cow licks and cleans the calf's body. Then the calf should be thoroughly cleaned with dry soft straw, cloth or sack. Cover with a dry cloth or sack in winter or extra cold. Or make arrangements to keep the calf's body warm by lighting a fire. Healthy calves try to get up 15 minutes after birth and are able to drink milk. Many times he can't stand on his own and drink milk. In this condition the calf should be helped to stand and feed. She should be fed breast milk within 1-2 hours of delivery. If the calf cannot stand or drink milk due to weakness, then nipple should be put in the bottle and milk should be fed.
Housing management of newborn calves
 Calves need adequate shelter. Healthy housing is the main help in keeping the calf disease free. They need to be kept separate to keep them free from disease and this makes the maintenance of each calf easier. When many calves are together, the weaker calves compete with the stronger calves and cannot eat the required amount of food and become weaker. The calf house should be sloping and dry and clean. The residence should have direct access to light and air. Care should be taken to ensure that the calves are not damaged by extreme heat in summer and extreme cold in winter. Dry straw or bark can be spread on the floor of the house. Each calf needs a house measuring 4 feet by 2 feet. At the rural level, it is very easy to build houses with the help of bamboo and wood. Pots should be kept in the house to provide food and clean water.
Food management
Immediately after birth, mother's milk should be fed. Many calves are not fed adequate milk after birth and do not develop proper immunity during the year. The rule of feeding is 10 kg for every 100 kg of body weight, i.e. 1.2 to 1.5 kg of milk for every 20 to 25 kg body weight. Of course feeding should start within half an hour to an hour. Feeding this milk increases the immunity of the calf. The calf should be fed cow's milk regularly otherwise the required nutrients should be ensured through milk replacement.

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