In jute production, starting from land selection, all kinds of care have to be completed on time. Fertilizer, water, weeds and management are very important for good yield of jute.
Fertilizer management: Soil fertility test is required to determine the correct level of fertilizer. Soil testing can accurately determine the amount of fertilizer required in the soil. In one experiment, it has been seen that if balanced fertilizer is applied to the jute land, it is possible to get 10.5 manas per acre or 3.5 manas per bigha more than the normal yield.
In jute crop urea fertilizer has to be applied in two installments and other fertilizers in one installment during the last tillage of land preparation. If dung manure is not used in the land, 33 kg of urea, 10 kg of TSP, 12 kg of MOP, 18 kg of gypsum and 4.5 kg of zinc sulphate should be mixed well in the soil and sown at the time of last cultivation. Similarly, 40 kg of urea, 21 kg of TSP, 24 kg of MOP, 36 kg of gypsum and 4.5 kg of zinc sulphate should be applied on the tosha jute. The second installment of urea fertilizer should be applied after 40-45 days of age of jute crop. During application, care should be taken to ensure that there is sufficient moisture in the soil. Before applying urea fertilizer, weeds should be cleaned with weeds and the soil should be loosened. After spraying the fertilizer so that the applied urea does not stick to the young leaves or tips of the tree, the sticky manure should be removed with a jute stick or something else. Note that it is better not to apply urea fertilizer during hot sun or rain.
In case of application of dung manure in the land, it is necessary to apply dung manure 2-3 weeks before sowing the seeds and mix it well with the soil with cultivation and ladder. If 45-60 ounces of dung manure is applied per acre of land, only 12 kg urea per acre should be applied on desi jute and 16 kg urea, 4.5 kg MOP, 20 kg gypsum should be applied on tosha jute. In this case also, if the age of the plant is 40-45 days, in the 2nd installment urea should be applied at the rate of 33 kg per acre on desi jute and 40 kg on tosha jute.
Water management: When it is not raining, light irrigation is often required to bring the soil back to normal. As jute is a rainfed crop, no further irrigation is required. However, if there is excess rain, the drain should be cut as soon as possible and the accumulated water should be removed. Because jute crop cannot stand standing water. Moreover, if there is excess sap in jute land, the incidence of weeds increases, resulting in higher weeding costs. In case of severe drought, the land needs to be lightly irrigated. If there is not enough sap in the soil, the applied fertilizer cannot take the jute plant properly. As a result crop growth is disrupted. After irrigation, the soil has to be weeded with a hoe to understand the condition of the lice. This keeps the sap in the soil for a long time and accelerates the growth of the jute plant.
Weed Management: Weeds are the worst enemy of any crop. Weeds divide the food of the jute crop, so it cannot absorb sufficient nutrients from the soil. As a result, the growth of the crop is severely hampered and the yield is reduced. About 130 species of weeds can be seen growing in different parts of Bangladesh. Of these, 26 species are important as weeds and 6 species cause more damage to jute crops. Therefore, before sowing the jute crop, the land should be well cultivated and the weeds should be cleared with a ladder. If weeds appear in the land, timely control measures should be taken. If weeds are not controlled in time, the cost of weeding increases a lot. A large part of the cost of jute cultivation is for weeding. Weeds can also be controlled by changing the crop pattern. For example, if jute is cultivated in potato land, the cost of weeding is reduced a lot. Within 30 days of sowing the jute crop, if the seedlings are thinned and given 1st weeding, the incidence of weeds is much less and the growth of the plant is accelerated. However, the first weeding must be completed within 45-50 days. The second weeding should be done within 60-70 days after understanding the level of weeds. In general, timely control of weeds in jute crop is very important.
Jute is mainly a summer crop. At this time the ambient temperature and air humidity are high. Due to this weather various diseases occur in jute crop. Every year jute is severely damaged by various diseases. The amount of damage can be up to 20-40 percent. Diseases are mainly caused by fungi, viruses and worms. Jute can be protected by timely diagnosis and control measures.
419.237 SRY