Introduction to Denitrification

When soil gets saturated with rainfall, all of the pores between the soil particles become filled with water, leaving no place for air to pass through. Due to a shortage of oxygen, soil microorganisms (denitrifying bacterias) converted soil nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) to a gaseous form of nitrous oxide (N2O), nitric oxide (NO), and nitrogen gas (N2).

Denitrification is the process by which nitrogen atoms from nitrate and nitrite are returned to the environment as nitrous oxide and nitrogen gas. During Nitrification, this nitrogen gas is saved and regenerated back into the soil.

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Denitrification is a process of anaerobic respiration carried out by denitrifying bacteria. The majority of denitrifying bacteria are facultative anaerobic bacteria, meaning they can live in the presence or absence of oxygen. Thiobacillus denitrificans, Achrombacter, and Pseudomonas are a few examples.

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The microorganism ACHROMBACTER is depicted in the image above.

 

PROCESS OF DENITRIFICATION

Denitrification is a process through which nitrogen is lost in the soil. Nitrogen loss depletes soil fertility and lowers agricultural yield. Nitrogen is required for plant development and is a component of many proteins that are required for life to exist. Denitrification releases nitrous oxide (N2O), an ozone-depleting chemical and a greenhouse gas with significant global warming potential. Nitrous oxide absorbs more infrared radiation from the atmosphere than carbon dioxide, causing ozone depletion and the extinction of life in the environment.

 

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